Glossary

Making a website usable for everyone — including people who are blind, deaf, colour-blind, or can only use a keyboard.

Example: big enough text, alt text on images, and buttons you can reach with the Tab key.

An AI tool that doesn't only answer, but also takes actions step by step: it opens files, runs code and fixes its own errors. A human should still check the result.

Example: an AI coding agent creates all the files for a small project on its own.

The trained "brain" behind an AI tool: a huge file of numbers learned from lots of text, code or images. Different models are good at different things.

Example: DigiBot uses two models from Mistral AI: Codestral writes the code and Ministral explains it.

A short description of an image, written in the alt attribute. Screen readers read it aloud, and it appears if the image can't load.

Example: <img src="cat.jpg" alt="Grey cat asleep on a laptop">

Short for "Application Programming Interface": a doorway that lets one program talk to another program.

Example: DigiBot Studio sends your prompt to Mistral's API and gets the answer back.

A long secret code that proves a program may use an API on your account — like a password. Never share it or put it in a website's code.

Example: you can create a free Mistral key and paste it into DigiBot Studio. How to get one →

Extra information inside an HTML tag, written as name="value".

Example: in <a href="about.html">, the href attribute says where the link goes.

The screen width where a responsive layout changes its look.

Example: "Below 600 pixels wide, show the three cards in one column."

The app you use to open websites. It reads HTML, CSS and JavaScript and turns them into the page you see.

Example: Chrome, Firefox, Safari and Edge are browsers.

A mistake in code that makes something not work as planned.

Example: a menu button that does nothing when you tap it on a phone.

A program you talk to by typing (or speaking), which answers like a person would. Most modern chatbots run on an LLM.

Example: Le Chat, ChatGPT and Gemini are chatbots.

A name you give to HTML elements so CSS or JavaScript can find and style them. Many elements can share the same class.

Example: <p class="note"> in HTML, and .note { color: grey; } in CSS.

A text editor made for writing code. It colours the code and gives helpful hints.

Example: VS Code is a popular free code editor. For a quick start, Notepad works too.

A panel in the browser's DevTools where JavaScript errors and messages appear.

Example: red text in the console often tells you which line of code broke.

How much text an AI model can "see" at once: your prompt, the chat so far and its own answer. It is measured in tokens.

Example: in a very long chat, the AI may "forget" details from the beginning.

The difference in brightness between text and its background. High contrast is easier to read for everyone.

Example: dark text on white is easy to read; light grey on white is hard.

A small piece of data a website saves in your browser, for example to keep you logged in. Some cookies are used to track you across websites.

Example: this site uses no tracking or advertising cookies. Read our privacy notice →

The legal right of creators to decide how their work (texts, photos, music, code) is used. Most things online are protected — even without a © sign.

Example: you can't put a photographer's picture on your site without permission.

Short for "Cascading Style Sheets": the language that controls how a page looks — colours, fonts, spacing and layout.

Example: h1 { color: purple; } makes all main headings purple.

Finding and fixing bugs.

Example: open the console, read the error, change one thing, and test again.

Putting your website on a server so anyone can visit it with a link.

Example: dragging your folder onto Netlify Drop publishes your site in seconds.

Short for "Developer Tools": hidden tools inside every desktop browser to inspect and test a page.

Example: press F12 (or Ctrl+Shift+I; on a Mac Cmd+Option+I) to open them.

The name of a website, like example.com. You can rent your own domain every year, or use the free address your hosting gives you.

Example: my-cafe.netlify.app is a free address; mycafe.com is a bought domain.

One part of an HTML page: an opening tag, its content and a closing tag.

Example: <h1>Hello</h1> is a heading element.

The small icon shown in the browser tab next to the page title.

Example: look at this browser tab — the little icon there is this site's favicon.

Training an existing AI model a little more on special examples, so it gets better at one job or one style.

Example: a company fine-tunes a model on its own customer-support answers.

A ready-made toolkit of code that helps people build bigger websites and apps faster. Beginners don't need one — plain HTML, CSS and JavaScript are enough.

Example: React and Vue are frameworks. This guide site uses none.

The free level of a service, with limits. Free tiers change often, so always check the provider's website.

Example: Mistral's free API plan gives a monthly amount of free credit plus speed limits.

The front end runs in your browser (HTML, CSS, JavaScript). The back end runs on a server (storing data, keeping secrets).

Example: DigiBot Studio is front end; our small server that keeps the API key secret is back end.

Laws that protect personal data. The GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) applies in the EU; KVKK is Turkey's personal data protection law.

Example: they give you the right to ask a company what data it has about you.

A free tool that saves the history of your code, so you can see what changed and go back to older versions.

Example: "Undo everything since yesterday" is easy with Git.

A website where people store and share code using Git. With GitHub Pages it can also host simple websites for free.

Example: many open-source projects live on GitHub.

When an AI confidently says something false or invented — a wrong date, a fake quote, a source that doesn't exist. Always check facts.

Example: AI writes "Our café won Best Coffee in Europe 2025" — but no such prize exists.

A way to write a colour as # plus six letters and numbers.

Example: #f5a300 is the amber colour used on this site.

A service that keeps your website files on a server, so people can visit them day and night. Many hosts have free plans for simple sites.

Example: Netlify, GitHub Pages and Cloudflare Pages offer free hosting.

Short for "HyperText Markup Language": the language for the content and structure of a web page — headings, paragraphs, images, links.

Example: <p>Welcome!</p> is a paragraph in HTML.

The secure way to load websites: the connection is encrypted (scrambled), so others on the network can't read it.

Example: the padlock icon next to the address bar means the page uses HTTPS.

A unique name for one element on a page. Links can jump to it, and CSS or JavaScript can find it.

Example: <section id="contact"> plus a link to #contact makes a "jump to contact" link.

The standard file name for a website's home page. When you open a web address, the server shows index.html automatically.

Example: save your AI-made page as index.html before you publish it.

Improving something in small rounds: try, look, change, try again.

Example: "Make the header smaller" → check → "Now make it stick to the top" → check.

The programming language that makes web pages interactive.

Example: a countdown timer, a menu that opens, or a "Thank you!" message after a click.

The rules that say how you may use someone else's work — for example an image, a font or some code.

Example: some free photo sites ask you to credit the photographer. Read the licence before you use an image.

Short for "Large Language Model": an AI model trained on huge amounts of text. It writes by predicting the next word, again and again.

Example: Codestral and Ministral, the models behind DigiBot, are LLMs.

AI that runs on your own computer instead of a company's servers. It is private and works offline, but needs a strong computer.

Example: Ollama and LM Studio are free apps for local AI.

A small storage space in your browser where a website can save things on your device.

Example: this site saves your chapter progress and theme there — it is never sent to us.

Designing for phones first, then adding extras for bigger screens. Most people visit websites on a phone.

Example: start with one column that fits a phone, then use two columns on a laptop.

Code that anyone may read, use, change and share, under an open licence.

Example: the Firefox browser is open source.

An AI model whose "weights" (the learned numbers) are published, so anyone can download and run it on their own computers.

Example: Ministral, the model that explains code in DigiBot, is open-weight — you could download it and run it with local AI apps.

A trick to steal passwords or money with fake emails or fake websites that look like real ones.

Example: a copy of a bank's login page on a strange web address. Never build pages that imitate real login pages.

Temporary stand-in content used while building, instead of real data.

Example: "Jane Doe", "+00 000 000 000" or "name@example.com" instead of real contact details.

The message or instruction you give an AI. Clear prompts get better results: say who it's for, what you want and which style.

Example: "Make a one-page site for a student café, warm colours, menu with prices, works on phones."

A speed limit on how often you can use a service. Go too fast and you get an error — then you wait a moment and try again.

Example: "1 request per second" or "8,000 tokens per minute".

Designing a page so it looks good on every screen size — phone, tablet and laptop.

Example: three cards side by side on a laptop become one column on a phone.

Software that reads the screen aloud. Blind and low-vision people use it to browse the web.

Example: VoiceOver (Apple) and NVDA (Windows) are screen readers.

Using HTML tags that describe their meaning, like <header>, <nav>, <main> and <button>. It helps screen readers and search engines.

Example: use <button> for a button, not a <div> that only looks like one.

A computer that is always online and sends websites (or AI answers) to other computers when they ask.

Example: when you open a website, a server somewhere sends your browser the files.

A website made only of ready files (HTML, CSS, JavaScript, images) that are sent exactly as they are. Simple, fast and often free to host.

Example: every site you build in DigiBot Studio is a static site.

When the AI's answer appears piece by piece while it is still writing, instead of all at once at the end.

Example: in DigiBot Studio you can watch the code appear as it is written.

Hidden instructions given to an AI before your message. They tell it how to behave.

Example: DigiBot's system prompt tells it to return one complete HTML file and explain things simply.

The building blocks of HTML, written in angle brackets. Most tags come in pairs: an opening tag and a closing tag.

Example: <p> opens a paragraph and </p> closes it.

A ready-made starting point that you copy and then change to make it yours.

Example: the starter sites in DigiBot Studio, like the café or CV page.

The small pieces of text an AI reads and writes — often a word or part of a word. Usage and limits are counted in tokens. In English, 100 tokens are roughly 75 words.

Example: "Hello world!" is about 3 tokens.

The huge collection of text, code or images an AI model learned from. Some free AI services may use your prompts as training data.

Example: check the privacy settings of an AI tool — many let you switch training off.

Short for "Uniform Resource Locator": the full address of a page on the web.

Example: https://example.com/about.html

Building software by describing what you want to an AI and accepting its code without really reading it. Fun for quick experiments — but for anything real, review and test the code.

Example: "Make a game with a jumping cat" → play it → "make it faster" → and so on.

The visible area of a page in the browser window. On phones it is small, so layouts must adapt.

Example: the line <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> tells phones to use their real screen width.